The cavity layout design of die-casting molds is crucial to ensure uniform flow of molten metal, which directly affects the quality and production efficiency of die-casting parts.
First, when designing the cavity layout, the type and specifications of the die-casting machine need to be considered. Different die-casting machines have different injection systems and clamping forces, which will affect the filling method and speed of the molten metal. For example, for hot chamber die-casting machines, since their injection systems are relatively simple and the flow speed of the molten metal is relatively slow, the cavity layout can be relatively compact. For cold chamber die-casting machines, since their injection forces are large and the flow speed of the molten metal is fast, the cavity layout needs to be more reasonably distributed to avoid turbulence and spraying of the molten metal during the filling process.
Secondly, the number and arrangement of cavities should be determined according to the shape and size of the die-casting parts. For die-casting parts with simple shapes and small sizes, a single cavity layout can be adopted, which can ensure that the flow path of the molten metal is short and the filling speed is fast, thereby improving production efficiency. For die castings with complex shapes and large sizes, it is necessary to adopt a layout of multiple cavities to ensure that the molten metal can be evenly filled in various parts. When arranging the cavities, the flow path of the molten metal should be symmetrical as much as possible to avoid local overheating or overcooling.
In addition, the design of the gate and runner is also a key factor affecting the uniformity of the flow of the molten metal. The position and size of the gate should be determined according to the shape and requirements of the die casting to ensure that the molten metal can enter the cavity smoothly. The shape and size of the runner should be as smooth as possible to avoid sharp turns and dead ends to reduce the flow resistance and energy loss of the molten metal. At the same time, auxiliary devices such as diverter cones and gate sleeves can also be used to further optimize the flow state of the molten metal.
In order to verify the rationality of the cavity layout, numerical simulation technology can be used to simulate and analyze the flow process of the molten metal. Through simulation, the flow of the molten metal in the cavity can be intuitively observed, potential problems can be found, and adjustments and optimizations can be made in time.
In short, the cavity layout design of die-casting molds needs to comprehensively consider factors such as the type of die-casting machine, the shape and size of the die-casting, the design of the gate and runner, etc. Through reasonable layout and optimization, it is ensured that the molten metal can be evenly filled into the cavity, thereby improving the quality and production efficiency of the die-casting.
